AMD’s Zen 2 architecture eventually arrives, now with more than 8 cores and groundbreaking new CPU design on TSMCs 7nm process, let’s take a look at the 12-core, 24-thread Ryzen 9 3900X processor.
Product on Review: AMD Ryzen 9 3900X
Manufacturer: AMD
Street Price: GBP £479.99 / USD $499
Since the launch of the 1st Gen. Ryzen CPUs in 2017, the war between AMD and Intel has seen a resurgence; AMD have gone from strength to strength, optimising their Zen architecture across multiple process nodes, starting out at 14nm, shrinking to 12nm, and today, we bring you their latest 3rd Gen. CPUs on the 7nm process. Intel, on the other hand, have squeezed every last inch of power out of the 14nm lithography while they struggle to shrink their transistors.
The 3rd Gen. Ryzen processors, dubbed ‘Zen 2’, are constructed very differently from their previous counterparts, utilising something called a ‘chiplet design’ instead of the traditional monolithic method of everything being on a single substrate. The difference here is that the compute cores (CCDs) and IO (cIOD) of the CPU are separate from each other. This is advantageous for a number of reasons, chief amongst which are the, ability to use a 12nm structure for the IO, where a process shrink wouldn’t increase performance, as well as freeing up space on each CCD for additional cache, which as it happens, has been doubled in size over the previous generation.
We go much further in-depth in the following pages but will keep our introduction brief, you’ve waited long enough to see how the new 3rd Gen Ryzen CPUs perform so we won’t keep you much longer.
In this review we’re going to take an in-depth look into the brand new AMD Ryzen 9 3900X, an all-new tier of Ryzen processors designed for the top end of enthusiasts that seek the fastest possible consumer desktop processors without entering the HEDT space. The 3900X sports a whopping 12 cores and 24 threads with a base clock of 3.8GHz and a boost clock of up to 4.6GHz, all inside of a 105W thermal envelope.
We also see introduced for the first time in a mainstream platform the PCI Express 4.0 standard, offering double the bandwidth of 3.0 with full backwards compatibility. This will be put into effect on both NVMe SSDs and graphics cards. AMD’s own Radeon 5700 and 5700XT cards, also released today, will be the first to make use of the additional bandwidth available.
If the line between mainstream and enthusiast/professional users wasn’t blurred enough, this goes a long way to blurring them further, encroaching onto the toes of the low to mid specification Threadripper CPUs from last year. Of course, Threadripper comes with other technologies and quad channel memory to differentiate itself but it definitely begs the question as to where TR may go in 2019.
And now onto pricing. The AMD Ryzen 9 3900X lands in the UK at £479.99 and the US at $499.99, putting it straight up against the Intel Core i9 9900K which is an 8-core, 16-thread part with boost clocks at 5.0GHz. How does the Ryzen stack up? Let’s take a look!
AMD on Zen 2:
Technical Specifications
# of CPU Cores: 12
# of Threads: 24
Max Boost Clock: 4.6GHz
Base Clock: 3.8GHz
Thermal Solution: Wraith Prism with RGB LED
PCI Express Version: 4.0 x16
CMOS: TSMC 7nm FinFET
Package: AM4
Total L2 Cache: 6MB
Total L3 Cache: 64MB
TDP: 105W
Zen 2 Explained
AMD Ryzen 3000-series CPUsDeveloped under the codenamed ‘Matisse’, AMD’s Ryzen 3000-series succeeds the ‘Pinnacle Ridge’ 2000-series CPUs for desktop and is the first consumer design to incorporate the Zen 2 microarchitecture. Unlike Zen+’s refresh of the prior family based on a slightly more efficient manufacturing process, Zen 2 is an substantial update to the CPU core and radical new approach to chip design as a whole.
Two aspects of Zen 2 are integral to the new CPU design: TSMC’s 7nm lithographic process, and a ‘chiplet’ ethos which does beyond even Threadripper’s parameters. In tandem they offer better chip manufacturing yields, higher operating frequencies, better price competitiveness and more cores while maintain CPU socket continuity.
The Matisse CPU – Flexible Design for Desktop
A Matisse CPU is comprised of two or optionally three ‘chiplet’ dies that between them cover all the bases of a conventional CPU SoC. There are two main classes of Zen 2 chiplet: the Core Chiplet die (CCD), and the IO Chiplet die (cIOD); each Matisse CPU may have up to two CCDs and will always have one cIOD.
The CCD is manufactured using TSMC’s 7nm process and is identical to the core chiplet found in Rome, the Zen 2 workstation CPU. This allows for great economies of scale and efficient binning to make the very best use out of every die manufactured and maintain affordability, despite 7nm being on the cutting edge of lithographic technology.
Core Chiplet functionality, i.e. the CPU Cores and Cache Structures, benefits significantly from the transition to 7nm; CPU operating frequency and voltages tend to scale better as the manufacturing process reduces in size. The same is not true for other aspects of the CPU, namely memory, PCI-Express and other I/O controllers which gain relatively little from a die shrink.
In contrast, the cIOD is manufactured at GlobalFoundries on their 12nm process incorporates the dual-channel memory controller, PCIe signalling and SoC functionality. Due to the different requirements of desktop and workstation platforms (particularly memory channels, PCIe lanes and sheer number of connected CCDs) they differ significantly from the equivalent chiplet on Rome.
Communication between CCD and cIOD is across a GMI link, a development of AMD’s Infinity Fabric technology. Now on a clock domain decoupled from memory clock speeds, it’s also more stable at higher frequencies.
Updates to the Zen CCX in Zen 2
Almost every aspect of the Zen core architecture has been improved, augmented or buffed to a mirror shine with Zen 2. Each change has been driven by a requirement to increase IPC and reduce latency metrics, two key relative weaknesses of the Zen architecture prior to Matisse.
Key Changes:
– New Tagged Geometric (TAGE) branch predictor
– Larger Branch Target Buffers
– Larger 1K indirect target array
Decode Process incorporates Op cache improvements to increase effective throughput
– Doubled capacity to 4K infused Instructions
Floating Point Unit (FPU) Point & Load Store doubled to 256b, mul latency improved
– Native support for AVX2 256b instructions
Improved many aspects of Integer Execution, including SMT fairness
Broad Cache updates:
– Double L1 Cache Load/Store bandwidth to 32B/clk
– L3 Cache size doubled
Zen 2 carries forward AMD’s Simultaneous Multithreading approach to processing two threads per physical CPU core. It proved to be a very efficient approach in Zen/Zen+, and benefits from other improved aspects of the Zen 2 architecture.
The first major departure from Zen is a doubling of L3 Cache to 4MB per core/16MB per Core Complex (CCX). This larger cache mitigates physical memory latency deficiencies in the architecture and more generally serves to significantly improve Instructions Per Clock (IPC). CCX L3 Cache is shared across all active cores in the CCX, while L2 and L1 remain exclusive to their associated core.
We’ve previously discussed AMD’s enlarged L3 Cache, dubbed ‘GameCache’, here.
Each CPU core now also has double the L1 Cache load/store bandwidth, serving to eek out further IPC improvements alongside deeper queues and larger Op caches. Fetch and Pretech techniques have also been tweaked in an attempt to reduce overall misprediction rates.
Despite the increase in L3 Cache size, physically the Zen 2 CCX is 47% smaller than the Zen CCX at just 31mm^2 (72mm^2 per CCD), representing the huge density improvement offered by 7nm production. Two of these quad-core CCX’s are on each Core Chiplet Die, although individual cores may be disabled depending on the SKU.
Thanks to a more beefy Floating Point Unit, Zen 2 also now natively supports AVX2 256bit instructions. These workloads are important for certain rendering, video encode/decode and cryptographic applications, and are yet another weakness that the latest generation attempts to smooth out.
In a general sense, the new Zen 2 CPU Core and Core Complex is beefier and more complex. While ostensibly new, it’s also maturation of Zen that applies lessons learned directly to the new architectural approach in a comprehensive manner. It’s difficult to imagine, for instance, that it would have been possible to manufacture a 16-core monolithic chip with 72MB Cache on even 7nm economically.
Matisse cIOD – Memory and More
Zen 2’s cIOD is a critical component of the Matisse CPU design that may get lost in a focus naturally skewed towards the CCD. Larger than the CCD and built on 12nm, it takes care of the vast array of Memory and IO requirements of the Matisse SoC.
Default dual-channel DDR4 memory support now extends to DDR4-3200 (from DDR4-2933) in capacities up to 128GB (from 64GB). Reported memory overclocks have reached far beyond this point, necessitating the introduction of a Memory : Infinity Fabric clock speed ratio rather than maintaining a tight coupling to the two clock domains. An effective upper limit of almost 1870MHz to Infinity Fabric stable operating speeds means that an automatic 1:2 ratio kicks in above DDR4-3733MT/s, stepping down the IF/GMI link speeds to 1/2 of memory. DDR4-3733 has been described as a ‘sweet spot’ for Ryzen 3000-series memory overclocking, i.e. a point at which memory and GMI link combine to the lowest latencies while remaining stable.
In principle, these changes could make Ryzen 3000-series immensely popular chips for enthusiasts and overclockers. Zen CPUs have always been sensitive to memory and IF speeds, each of which meaningfully improved benchmark results when their competition’s performance responsiveness to memory clock was relatively low by comparison. Pushing these clocks higher and tweaking the GMI/IF frequency to maximise stability would be a welcome outlet for expertise slightly undermined by the quality of dynamic core overclocking now available on CPUs by default.
PCI-Express 4.0 support is derived from the cIOD, as are other SoC features. The standard doubles the effective bandwidth to almost 2GB/sec per lane while maintaining backwards compatibility with legacy PCIe devices. The chip as a whole offers 16 PCIe 4.0 lanes for discrete graphics, four lanes for NVMe storage, and four lanes for connection between CPU and Chipset (which itself will offer improved functionality with PCIe 4.0 peripheral devices). Four native USB 3.1 10 Gbps ports are also available from the cIOD, bolstered by more from the chipset on most desktop motherboards. The platform as a whole offers yet more PCIe 4.0 Lanes muxed off from the motherboard chipset for additional high-speed NVMe storage or other functionality.
Differences between 7nm and 12nm manufacturing and packaging techniques meant that AMD needed to take an idiosyncratic approach to bringing together Matisse. Even PCIe 4.0’s more stringent signalling and hence material requirements had an impact on the physical aspects of the chip. Maintaining backwards compatiblity with Socket AM4 imposed more hurdles to overcome.
For all the benefits of a chiplet design, the Matisse CPU remains exceptionally complex due to signal pathing, mounting differences between 7nm and 12nm chiplets, a new 12-layer substrate, and far tighter tolerances than were in place for Zen and Zen+.
Zen 2 Explained (Continued)
The Ryzen 3000-series Lineup
AMD are launching the Ryzen 3000-series with seven processors, two of which are APUs based on the Zen+ architecture. Of the five Zen 2 ‘Matisse’ processors, just one incorporates more than one CCD and hence more than eight cores.
Nonetheless, the Ryzen 3000-series launch range pushes through the 8-core limit for mainstream desktop CPUs which has been in place since the debut of Ryzen in 2017. From today they shall venture into a domain previously exclusive to workstation CPUs: offering up to 12 cores across two partially active CCDs, the sort of specification which until recently would require a HEDT system with CPU starting from $649.
However the Ryzen 9 3900X sitting at the top of the launch range isn’t the flagship. That honour is reserved for the Ryzen 9 3950X, a CPU that has two fully enabled CCDs to support 16 cores/ 32 threads, which will be available later this summer.
The Ryzen 3000-series Zen+ APUs now serve as quad-core entry-level parts, and 6 core/12 thread configurations becomes the new base level for Zen 2 chips. AMD’s updated range is therefore much more streamlined than the competition, but we should bear in mind that for the time being 2000-series CPUs remain on the market to serve the role of more affordable desktop models for performance-oriented users.
An aggressive system for binning dies also means that CPU operating frequencies get higher as you go up the range, despite also increasing the core count. The cream of the crop are held back for the Ryzen 9 3950X which is clocked at up to 4.7GHz (under Precision Boost 2 dynamic overclock modes) while base frequencies favour lower core count processors to ensure the >8-core models don’t breach their 105W TDP specification.
This should also mean that there’s scope for conventional core overclocking on the mid-range Ryzen 5 and 7 parts, particularly the 65W Ryzen 7 3700X which is described as the ‘sweet spot’ SKU due to its restrained out-the-box operating frequencies.
AMD have stated that, although not listed in press releases and other marketing material prior to the launch, non-X variants of each of the high performance CPUs will likely be available to OEMs and System Integrators via standard channels. Only the Ryzen 5 3600 will be sold through standard retail channels directly to consumers.
A Chip To Shake Up The Component Market
Although AMD are the clearest winners of a major uptake in their new platform, two associated sectors are also poised to benefit from advances in the capabilities of desktop CPUs.
The most obvious is storage, specifically NVMe SSD storage. Next-generation Ryzen doubles the available bandwidth for NVMe devices to approach 8GB/s thanks to the adoption of the latest PCI-Express 4.0 standard, and that comes at a time when PCIe 3.0 x4 has started to bite as a bottleneck to SSD bandwidth. Manufacturers such as Corsair and GIGABYTE, taking advantage of new NAND controller technologies, are already following through with plans to release drives that exhibit performance metrics surpassing PCI-Express 3.0 limitations.
That being said, official PCI-Express 4.0 support only extends to Ryzen 3000-series CPUs combined with X570 motherboards. Older 400-series motherboards, even those with updated BIOSes, won’t officially support the new standard and AMD have explicitly stated that those sold at retail will not support the new standard even with a 3000-series CPU installed. They cite the tighter signalling tolerances of PCIe 4.0 and inability to validate the standard across the legacy Socket AM4 motherboard ecosystem, but some manufacturers may offer beta BIOSes (as-is, with no hard guarantees) on certain 400-series SKUs. Uptake of PCIe 4.0 might be slower than some might hope.
A less expected beneficiary perhaps is the humble DDR4 DRAM market. Marginal real-world performance gains on the Intel desktop platforms over the years meant that faster speed memory was a difficult sell in a consumer market already squeeze by DRAM pricing. While AMD Ryzen performance did scale well, stability above DDR4-3000/3200 wasn’t always as good as it needed to be (particularly in first generation Ryzen).
Without wanting to pre-empt review conclusions, the Ryzen 3000-series could offer a DRAM upgrade avenue up to DDR-3600 CL16 and beyond that’s been sorely needed by performance and gaming-oriented brands. And this in turn could serve to make slower DRAM for mainstream consumer more price-competitive.
At the very least, Ryzen 3000-series CPUs are likely to spike demand for DDR4-3200 to DDR4-3600 memory, which is no bad thing.
—
CPU Socket Continuity With AM4
At a time when Intel seemingly released a new platform every year without backwards compatibility, AMD’s pledge to support and maintain Socket AM4 from 2016 through to at least 2020 has been a key pillar in their strategy and underdog popularity. Zen 2/Ryzen 3000-series CPUs don’t deviate from this pledge, but the limitations of older designs have certainly begun to stretch it.
At a base level the entirely of the Ryzen 3000-series is supported on the Socket AM4 B350/X370/B450/X470 motherboard ecosystem after a BIOS update. It’s therefore possible to perform an in-place CPU upgrade without immediate need to also replace the motherboard for a premium-priced X570 design. Indeed, X470/B450 will continue to be sold – with updated BIOSes preinstalled – alongside the new platform for the time being.
It’s not all rainbows and sunshine however. PCI-Express 4.0 support won’t be filtered back to pre-500-series ‘boards; as a rule A320 motherboards will not support 3000-series CPUs; and the update process won’t necessarily be a smooth proposition. Fundamentally, this may mean that while backwards compatibly does stretch back a long way, users will need to replace both CPU and motherboard with the latest models to really take advantage of the platform’s swathe of features.
Feature Continuity
Advanced features available throughout the Ryzen 2000-series return in the 3000-series, some of which are expanded upon in the latest generation of chips.
Manual Overclocking
Each Ryzen 3000-series CPU continues to be fully unlocked from the outset. All Ryzen 3000-series compatible motherboards will be capable of the full gamut of overclocking, but power limitations of more budget-oriented models (especially if using a >8 core model) should be respected.
Ryzen Master overclocking software is expanded in scope, incorporating support for DRAM timing control and tweaking Precision Boost Overdrive. Purists may still prefer UEFI BIOS menus but more casual overclockers and those more interested in what’s going on under the hood will appreciate the addition.
Some motherboard manufacturers are also experimenting with allowing users to set their Infinity Fabric clock directly. We’re not sure how well supported this feature will be as the platform matures, or even if it’s of any real value, but we mention it for completeness.
Precision Boost
Dynamic Overclocking in the form of Precision Boost 2 and Precision Boost Overdrive are present in Ryzen 3000, pushing core clock speeds higher for longer thanks to high quality sensor data. Precision Boost advancements were a key update to Zen+ CPUs as they brought better multi-core performance when under load without the need for additional end-user action.
Better cooling means spending longer at Fmax under Precision Boost (the maximum frequency defined by your PB settings). PBO meanwhile will increase Fmax (which can now also be tweaked in software) while preserving the PB curve (i.e. the lower Fmax offests for when 2, 3, 4 etc. cores are active). Improvements in Windows 10’s May 2019 update and the AMDS Chipset drivers also mean that frequency adjustments can occur at a higher rate than before, making dynamic overclocking more… dynamic.
Cooling
Ryzen 3000-series and X570 motherboards utilise Socket AM4 with similar clearance specifications as prior generations. As a result you should be able to utilise any cooler compatible with previous 400-series or 300-series Socket AM4 motherboard, although it should be noted that the high core count models do have a higher TDP.
Retail editions of Ryzen 7 and Ryzen 9 CPUs are bundled with AMD’s Wraith Prism cooler, a model rated for the up to 105W TDP requirement of the Ryzen 9 3900X that’s particularly good quality for an included cooler. Its’ lighting also supports RGB lighting systems from other peripheral and component manufacturers. You are free however to use your own cooler if preferred.
Packaging & Product
Different to last year, the packaging is no longer a simple box with a flappy lid, the entire top assembly slides off giving access to the internals. The exterior looks fantastic with the silver contrasting nicely against the bright orange.
As far as CPUs go, there’s not a whole load they need to tell you on the box, especially when the vast majority of their sales will come from an online order form. The rear of the box gives some brief details but nothing more.
The CPU itself looks identical to any from the 1st or 2nd generation, as you’d expect. Afterall, it still needs to fit into the same AM4 socket.
The only minor difference is the “diffused in” locations. This now takes up two lines, with the USA and Taiwan listed. This will be down to the CCDs and cIODs being manufactured on different processes.
Test Setup & Software
For the purpose of testing AMD Ryzen 9 3900X we used the MSI Prestige X570 Creation – this motherboard is a strong offering and provides us with a good platform to analyse performance.CPU being tested
AMD Ryzen 9 3900X (3.8GHz – 4.6GHz Boost) Zen 2
TEST SETUP
Cooling be quiet! Dark Rock 4
Motherboard MSI Prestige X570 Creation
Memory 32GB Corsair Vengeance LPX 3000MHz
Graphics Radeon RX 480 8GB
Storage Corsair LX 512GB SSD
PSU Corsair RM 1000 80 Plus Gold Certified PSU
BENCHMARKS
Cinebench R15 – CPU/OpenGL Score
x264 HD 4.0 – 1st and 2nd pass encoding
SiSoftware SANDRA – CPU & Memory benchmarks
POV-RAY – CPU benchmarks
TrueCrypt – CPU benchmarks
AIDA64 – CPU benchmarks & Memory
PCMark 8 – Creative & Photoshop
PCMark 10 – Extended
3DMark FireStrike – 3D Benchmark
3DMark TimeSpy – 3D Benchmark
Games – Rise of the Tomb Raider & Total War: WARHAMMER
OTHER SOFTWARE
Temperature Analysis: Core Temp
Stress Testing Software: AIDA64 Stability Test
CPU Specification Monitoring: CPU-Z
Temperatures & Overclocking
Temperatures:To measure temperatures we run the CPU at its stock clock speeds and hit it with an AIDA64 Stability Test load for 20 minutes.
Overclocking
Using the AMD Ryzen Master software, we set about using the built-in stress test feature to establish where the maximum overclock was on our Ryzen 9 3900X sample. The extensive VRMs and power delivery technologies, we hoped, would be somewhat tested by 12 cores at over 4GHz, but how far over 4GHz was the big question.
The 3900X ships with a base clock of 3800MHz and a single-core boost clock of 4600MHz, so a reasonable target, with a sensible boost to voltage, would be around 4.3 – 4.4GHz across all cores. These targets and hopes are somewhat based off our success with overclocking the Ryzen 1st and 2nd Gen. CPUs as well as the Threadripper processors, which you could argue are more akin to the 3900X.
Enough of that, as you can see here, we managed 4425MHz all-core speeds, with the CPU still single-core boosting to 4.5GHz when needed, so as not to sacrifice single threaded performance to gain speed elsewhere. Stock voltage on the 3900X was 1.4875v, according to the Ryzen Master software, which we upped to 1.500v. We couldn’t push the CPU to 4450MHz or beyond no matter where we put the voltage. It seems our ceiling is 4425MHz, which across 24 threads, really isn’t shabby.
Temperatures rose from a reasonable 67°C at load to between 76-78°C with this overclock, keeping us well within safe limits, but not leaving a great deal of additional playroom for us to push much further comfortably.
We have included the results for every test at the 4425MHz all-core overclock labelled as ‘RYZEN 9 3900X OC’, keep an eye out for those if you plan to overclock your CPU.
Benchmarks: Power Consumption
Ray Tracing Performance – POV-Ray 3.7
This product allows users to build their custom 3D worlds with excellent quality despite their computer’s hardware. It has adjustable options for levels of radiance, refraction, and reflection. Calculation time may vary depending on the computer model, but PovRay can adapt to many computer builds, and is supported by the open source community.
AES Encryption Performance – TrueCrypt 7.1a
Encoding Performance – x264 HD
Processing Features Performance – AIDA64
AIDA64 Product Page
Memory Transfer Performance – AIDA64
AIDA64 Product PageThe Memory Latency benchmark measures the typical delay when the CPU reads data from system memory. Memory latency time means the penalty measured from the issuing of the read command until the data arrives to the integer registers of the CPU.
Processing Power Performance – Cinebench R15
Bandwidth Performance – SiSoftware SANDRA
Image Editing Performance – PCMark 8 Photoshop
PCMark 8 Product Page
Overall System Performance – PCMark 10
PCMark 10 features a comprehensive set of tests that cover the wide variety of tasks performed in the modern workplace. With a range of performance tests, custom run options, and the new Battery Life Profile, PCMark 10 is the complete PC benchmark for the modern office.
VR Performance – VRMark
3D Performance – 3DMark
Gaming Performance – Tomb Raider & Total War: WARHAMMER
Conclusion
So, we’re now 3 years into AMD’s venture with Ryzen and we only become more impressed by what they’ve achieved. The first year provided a solid foundation to work from, the second year improved upon that with better memory support and improved XFR (boost clocks) and now in the third year we see another massive step forwards, most important of which is the jump upwards from 8 cores.What we’ve seen from our testing is nothing short of extraordinary, frankly. Focussing on specifics like POV-Ray, the 3900X beats the Threadripper 2920X (a 12 core, 24 thread part) by a significant margin in the multi-threaded test, while wiping the floor with the Core i9 9900K, and then goes on to put on an equally impressive show in the single thread, with its 4.6GHz core boost, almost equalling the 9900K with a 5.0GHz boost clock. This goes some way to show AMD’s gains in IPC (instructions per clock) and how far they’ve been able to push frequencies within the new 7nm process.
Secondly, gaming performance. This is somewhere that has been Intel’s forte for the last few years, almost their saving grace in a lot of ways, but AMD with their improved single-core speeds have, once again, closed the gap and piled on the pressure. During our gaming tests, we saw the processor maintain average boost speeds of between 4000 and 4075MHz across all 12 cores which no-doubt helped the CPU land some decent results in our gaming tests.
Then if we move onto something like raw horsepower from the CPU, this can be measured using a program such as Cinebench, this works by using the processing power of the CPU to render an image as quickly as possible, translating the time taken in a score. A score over 3000 was previously reserved for server-level CPUs or Threadrippers but the 3900X smashed in a score of 3122 and went on to exceed 3400 with an overclock applied to the CPU.
Comparing the Ryzen 9 3900X with the i9 9900K is tricky for one important reason, a Z390 chipset motherboard, on average, is cheaper than the current assortment of X570 motherboards. The additional price can be somewhat justified by the inclusion of PCI-E 4.0 but finding use-cases to utilise that additional speed will be few and far between for a little while. Having said that, future proofing is always nice. So for the time being, providing your budget can accommodate, you likely won’t suffer too much for the bleeding edge of performance.
Memory performance, something which the Ryzen platform took a lot of flak for, is vastly improved this time around. Memory bandwidth is improved somewhat over the previous generation but memory latency has seen the biggest improvement. AMD’s chiplet design has helped here, giving them a lot more scope to tweak and adjust their memory access in the IO as well as facilitating the addition of L2 and L3 cache to each of the CCDs. If we compare the 2700X to the 3900X, memory latency drops from 61ns to 36ns, not far off a 50% improvement. They’re still some way off Intel’s performance in this sector but the gap has been closed considerably and performance improved as a result.
Overclocking used to offer vast improvements once upon a time but CPU manufacturers have, in the last few years, capitalised upon a CPUs ability to operate above its advertised speeds within specific scenarios. Improved sensors and understanding of operating windows have diminished the returns available but it doesn’t stop people from trying. AMD set the bar relatively high to begin with, stating a minimum all-core speed of 3.8GHz, but we wanted more. We eventually found the CPU to be completely stable throughout our entire test suite at 4425MHz, improving performance in almost all tests.
With the new 7nm process, power efficiency gains were expected across the board, and they are definitely here in terms of performance per watt, but idle power draw is much higher than expected. It’s possible that board partners are yet to fully tap into the sleep states of the CPU and power draw could drop further but, as things stand, while your CPU sits unused, it draws more power than almost anything else we’ve tested so far.
AMD have been bold here, betting on their chiplet design to offer improved performance and its paid off dividends. The current mainstream performance crown goes to the 3900X.
If you wish to read about the AMD Ryzen 7 3700X, check out our review here – AMD Ryzen 7 3700X Review
+ More than 8 cores now available in the mainstream
+ Improved single-core performance over 2nd Gen.
+ Vastly better memory latency performance
+ Decent overclocking potential
+ Beats the Intel Core i9 9900K in almost every metric
+ Single core speed paired with many cores makes this the ideal tool for streamers
Cons
– Power hungry at low loads
– Gets hot when overclocked
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